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SG_INQ(8) SG3_UTILS SG_INQ(8)
NAME
sg_inq - sends a SCSI INQUIRY or ATA IDENTIFY (PACKET) DEVICE command and outputs the
response
SYNOPSIS
sg_inq [--ata] [--cmddt] [--descriptors] [--extended] [--help] [--hex] [--id] [--len=LEN]
[--page=PG] [--raw] [--verbose] [--version] DEVICE
sg_inq [-36] [-a] [-A] [-b] [-c] [-cl] [-d] [-e] [-h] [-H] [-i] [-l=LEN] [-m] [-M]
[-o=OPCODE_PG] [-p=VPD_PG] [-P] [-r] [-s] [-v] [-V] [-x] [-36] [-?] DEVICE
DESCRIPTION
This utility by default sends a SCSI INQUIRY command to the given device and then outputs
the response. All SCSI devices are meant to respond to a "standard" INQUIRY command with
at least a 36 byte response (in SCSI 2 and higher). An INQUIRY is termed as "standard"
when both the EVPD and CmdDt (obsolete) bits are clear.
This utility supports two command line syntaxes, the preferred one is shown first in the
synopsis and explained in this section. A later section on the old command line syntax
outlines the second group of options.
An important "non-standard" INQUIRY page is the Device Identification Vital Product Data
(VPD) page [0x83]. Since SPC-3, support for this page has been flagged as mandatory. The
--id option decodes this page. To get fine grained decoding of this VPD page and others,
including some vendor specific VPD pages, see the sg_vpd(8) utility.
If the DEVICE exists and the SCSI INQUIRY fails (because the SG_IO ioctl is not supported)
then an ATA IDENTIFY (PACKET) DEVICE is tried. If it succeeds then device identification
strings are output. The --raw and --hex options can be used to manipulate the output. If
the --ata option is given then the SCSI INQUIRY is not performed and the DEVICE is assumed
to be ATA (or ATAPI).
The reference document used for interpreting an INQUIRY is T10/1713-D Revision 7a (SPC-4,
7 October 2006) found at http://www.t10.org . Obsolete items in the standard INQUIRY
response are displayed in brackets. The reference document for the ATA IDENTIFY (PACKET)
DEVICE command is ATA8-ACS found at http://www.t13.org .
OPTIONS
Arguments to long options are mandatory for short options as well.
-a, --ata
Assume given DEVICE is an ATA or ATAPI device which can receive ATA commands from
the host operating system. Skip the SCSI INQUIRY command and use either the ATA
IDENTIFY DEVICE command (for nonpacket devices) or the ATA IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE
command. This option is only available in Linux.
-c, --cmddt
set the Command Support Data (CmdDt) bit (defaults to clear(0)). Used in conjunc-
tion with the --page=PG option where PG specifies the SCSI command opcode to query.
When used twice (e.g. '-cc') this utility forms a list by looping over all 256
opcodes (0 to 255 inclusive) only outputting a line for found commands. The CmdDt
bit is now obsolete. It has been replaced by the REPORT SUPPORTED OPERATION CODES
command, see the sg_opcodes(8) utility.
-d, --descriptors
decodes and prints the version descriptors found in a standard INQUIRY response.
There are up to 8 of them. Version descriptors indicate which versions of standards
and/or drafts the DEVICE complies with. The normal components of a standard INQUIRY
are output (typically from the first 36 bytes of the response) followed by the ver-
sion descriptors if any.
-e, -x, --extended
prints the extended INQUIRY VPD page [0x86].
-h, --help
print out the usage message then exit. When used twice, after the usage message,
there is a list of available abbreviations than can be given to the --page=PG
option.
-H, --hex
rather than decode a standard INQUIRY response, a VPD page or command support data;
print out the response in hex to stdout. Error messages and warnings are typically
output to stderr. When used twice with the ATA Information VPD page [0x89] decodes
the start of the response then output the ATA IDENTIFY (PACKET) DEVICE response in
hexadecimal bytes (not 16 bit words). When used three times with the ATA Informa-
tion VPD page [0x89] or the --ata option, this utility outputs the ATA IDENTIFY
(PACKET) DEVICE response in hexadecimal words suitable for input to 'hdparm --Ist-
din'. See note below.
-i, --id
prints the device identification VPD page [0x83].
-l, --len=LEN
the number LEN is the "allocation length" field in the INQUIRY cdb. This is the
(maximum) length of the response to be sent by the device. The default value of
LEN is 0 which is interpreted as: first request is for 36 bytes and if necessary
execute another INQUIRY if the "additional length" field in the response indicates
that more than 36 bytes is available. If LEN is greater than 0 then only one
INQUIRY command is performed. See paragraph below about "36 byte INQUIRYs".
-O, --old
switch to older style options.
-p, --page=PG
the PG argument can be either a number of an abbreviation for a VPD page. To enu-
merate the available abbreviations for VPD pages use '-hh' or a bad abbreviation
(e.g, '--page=xxx'). When the --cmddt option is given (once) then PG is interpreted
as an opcode number (so VPD page abbreviations make little sense).
-r, --raw
output the response in binary to stdout. Error messages and warnings, if any, are
sent to stderr.
-v, --verbose
increase level of verbosity. Can be used multiple times.
-V, --version
print out version string then exit.
NOTES
Some devices with weak SCSI command set implementations lock up when they receive commands
they don't understand (or even response lengths that they don't expect). Such devices need
to be treated carefully, use the '--len=36' option. Without this option this utility will
issue an initial standard INQUIRY requesting 36 bytes of response data. If the device
indicates it could have supplied more data then a second INQUIRY is issued to fetch the
longer response. That second command may lock up faulty devices.
ATA or ATAPI devices that use a SCSI to ATA Translation layer (see SAT at www.t10.org) may
support the ATA Information VPD page. This returns the IDENTIFY (PACKET) DEVICE response
amongst other things. The ATA Information VPD page can be fetched with '--page=ai'.
In the INQUIRY standard response there is a 'MultiP' flag which is set when the device has
2 or more ports. Some vendors use the preceding vendor specific ('VS') bit to indicate
which port is being accessed by the INQUIRY command (0 -> relative port 1 (port "a"), 1 ->
relative port 2 (port "b")). When the 'MultiP' flag is set, the preceding vendor specific
bit is shown in parentheses. SPC-3 compliant devices should use the device identification
VPD page (0x83) to show which port is being used for access and the SCSI ports VPD page
(0x88) to show all available ports on the device.
In the 2.4 series of Linux kernels the DEVICE must be a SCSI generic (sg) device. In the
2.6 series block devices (e.g. disks and ATAPI DVDs) can also be specified. For example
"sg_inq /dev/sda" will work in the 2.6 series kernels. From lk 2.6.6 other SCSI "char"
device names may be used as well (e.g. "/dev/st0m").
ATA DEVICES
There are two major types of ATA devices: non-packet devices (e.g. ATA disks) and packet
devices (ATAPI). The majority of ATAPI devices are CD/DVD drives in which the ATAPI trans-
port carries the MMC set (i.e. a SCSI command set). Further, both types of ATA devices
can be connected to a host computer via a "SCSI" (or some other) transport. When an ATA
disk is controlled via a SCSI (or non-ATA) transport then two approaches are commonly
used: tunnelling (e.g. STP in Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)) or by emulating a SCSI device
(e.g. with a SCSI to ATA translation layer, see SAT at www.t10.org ). Even when the physi-
cal transport to the host computer is ATA (especially in the case of SATA) the operating
system may choose to put a SAT layer in the driver "stack" (e.g. libata in Linux).
The main identifying command for any SCSI device is an INQUIRY. The corresponding command
for an ATA non-packet device is IDENTIFY DEVICE while for an ATA packet device it is IDEN-
TIFY PACKET DEVICE.
When this utility is invoked for an ATAPI device (e.g. a CD/DVD drive with "sg_inq
/dev/hdc") then a SCSI INQUIRY is sent to the device and if it responds then the response
to decoded and output and this utility exits. To see the response for an ATA IDENTIFY
PACKET DEVICE command add the --ata option (e.g. "sg_inq --ata /dev/hdc).
This utility doesn't decode the response to an ATA IDENTIFY (PACKET) DEVICE command,
hdparm does a good job at that. The '-HHH' option has been added for use with either the
'--ata' or '--page=ai' option to produce a format acceptable to "hdparm --Istdin". An
example: 'sg_inq --ata -HHH /dev/hdc | hdparm --Istdin'. See hdparm.
EXIT STATUS
The exit status of sg_inq is 0 when it is successful. Otherwise see the sg3_utils(8) man
page.
OLDER COMMAND LINE OPTIONS
The options in this section were the only ones available prior to sg3_utils version 1.23 .
In sg3_utils version 1.23 and later these older options can be selected by either setting
the SG3_UTILS_OLD_OPTS environment variable or using --old (or -O) as the first option.
-36 only requests 36 bytes of response data for an INQUIRY. Furthermore even if the
device indicates in its response it can supply more data, a second (longer) INQUIRY
is not performed. This is a paranoid setting. Equivalent to '--len=36' in the main
description.
-a fetch the ATA Information VPD page [0x89]. Equivalent to '--page=ai' in the main
description. This page is defined in SAT (see at www.t10.org).
-A Assume given DEVICE is an ATA or ATAPI device. Equivalent to --ata in the main
description.
-b decodes the Block Limits VPD page [0xb0]. Equivalent to '--page=bl' in the main
description. This page is defined in SBC-2 (see www.t10.org).
-c set the Command Support Data (CmdDt) bit (defaults to clear(0)). Used in
conjunction with the -o=OPCODE_PG option to specify the SCSI command opcode to
query. Equivalent to --cmddt in the main description.
-cl lists the command data for all supported commands (followed by the command name) by
looping through all 256 opcodes. This option uses the CmdDt bit which is now obso-
lete. See the sg_opcodes(8) utility. Equivalent to '--cmddt --cmddt' in the main
description.
-d decodes depending on context. If -e option is given, or any option that implies -e
(e.g. '-i' or '-p=80'), then this utility attempts to decode the indicated VPD
page. Otherwise the version descriptors (if any) are listed following a standard
INQUIRY response. In the version descriptors sense, equivalent to --descriptors in
the main description.
-e enable (i.e. sets) the Vital Product Data (EVPD) bit (defaults to clear(0)). Used
in conjunction with the -p=VPD_PG option to specify the VPD page to fetch. If
-p=VPD_PG is not given then VPD page 0 (list supported VPD pages) is assumed.
-h outputs INQUIRY response in hex rather than trying to decode it. Equivalent to
--hex in the main description.
-H same action as -h. Equivalent to --hex in the main description.
-i decodes the Device Identification VPD page [0x83]. Equivalent to --id in the main
description. This page is made up of several "designation descriptors". If -h is
given then each descriptor header is decoded and the identifier itself is output in
hex. To see the whole VPD 0x83 page response in hex use '-p=83 -h'.
-m decodes the Management network addresses VPD page [0x85]. Equivalent to
'--page=mna' in the main description.
-M decodes the Mode page policy VPD page [0x87]. Equivalent to '--page=mpp' in the
main description.
-N switch to the newer style options.
-o=OPCODE_PG
used in conjunction with the -e or -c option. If neither given then the -e option
assumed. When the -e option is also given (or assumed) then the argument to this
option is the VPD page number. The argument is interpreted as hexadecimal and is
expected to be in the range 0 to ff inclusive. Only VPD page 0 is decoded and it
lists supported VPD pages and their names (if known). To decode the mandatory
device identification page (0x83) use the -i option. A now obsolete usage is when
the -c option is given in which case the argument to this option is assumed to be a
command opcode number. Recent SCSI draft standards have moved this facility to a
separate command (see sg_opcodes(8)). Defaults to 0 so if -e is given without this
option then VPD page 0 is output.
-p=VPD_PG
same action as -o=OPCODE_PG option described in the previous entry. Since the
opcode value with the CmdDt is now obsolete, the main use of this option is to
specify the VPD page number. The argument is interpreted as hexadecimal and is
expected to be in the range 0 to ff inclusive. Defaults to 0 so if -e is given
without this option then VPD page 0 is output.
-P decodes the Unit Path Report VPD page [0xc0] which is EMC specific. Equivalent to
'--page=upr' in the main description.
-r outputs the response in binary to stdout. Equivalent to --raw in the main descrip-
tion. Can be used twice (i.e. '-rr' (and '-HHH' has same effect)) and if used with
the -A or -a option yields output with the same format as "cat
/proc/ide/hd<x>/identify" so that it can then be piped to "hdparm --Istdin".
-s decodes the SCSI Ports VPD page [0x88]. Equivalent to '--page=sp' in the main
description.
-v increase level of verbosity. Can be used multiple times.
-V print out version string then exit.
-x decodes the Extended INQUIRY data VPD [0x86] page. Equivalent to '--page=ei' in
the main description.
-? output usage message and exit. Ignore all other parameters.
AUTHOR
Written by Doug Gilbert
REPORTING BUGS
Report bugs to <dgilbert at interlog dot com>.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2001-2007 Douglas Gilbert
This software is distributed under the GPL version 2. There is NO warranty; not even for
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
SEE ALSO
sg_opcodes(8), sg_vpd(8), hdparm(8), sgdiag(scsirastools)
sg3_utils-1.24 February 2007 SG_INQ(8)
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